乳化蠟的性能能及使用特點

乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)是石油蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)物理(li)改(gai)性的產品，從(cong)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)觀點(dian)來說，乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)因(yin)其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時不(bu)需(xu)加(jia)熱(re)熔融或不(bu)必溶(rong)于某些溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)，以及成膜均勻(yun)，覆蓋性好，易與其他物質的水溶(rong)液或乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)狀液混(hun)合復合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，具備(bei)、、經濟(ji)、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方便等優點(dian)。因(yin)此，乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)在工(gong)(gong)農業(ye)生產中越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)廣泛的應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于木材加(jia)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)作劑(ji)(ji)、造紙(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)代(dai)替(ti)傳統(tong)的松香進行施膠、瓷器生產過(guo)程乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作增塑劑(ji)(ji)和潤滑(hua)劑(ji)(ji)、農林業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作林木果樹(shu)保水防凍劑(ji)(ji)、建筑(zhu)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土的固化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)，乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)還用(yong)(yong)(yong)于很(hen)多行業(ye)的防粘(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)、潤滑(hua)劑(ji)(ji)、脫膜劑(ji)(ji)等。到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2001年，國(guo)(guo)內人(ren)造板乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)需(xu)求量(liang)將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)50kt，2010年將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)100～120kt；我國(guo)(guo)造紙(zhi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)需(xu)求量(liang)將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)10～15kt；我國(guo)(guo)果蔬(shu)保鮮和植物保護乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)需(xu)求量(liang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)20～30kt；我國(guo)(guo)紡織乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)需(xu)求量(liang)約為6～7kt，各種上(shang)光劑(ji)(ji)對乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)需(xu)求量(liang)約為30kt/a。到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2001年，我國(guo)(guo)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)總需(xu)求量(liang)將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)190kt。國(guo)(guo)內乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)蠟(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)的市場價3500～4500元/t。

從20世(shi)紀50年代開始(shi)先后開展了乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)與應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)作。目(mu)(mu)前(qian)   、英國、德國、日(ri)本等(deng)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)均已形成系(xi)列。   Mobil已100多個(ge)品(pin)(pin)種的(de)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，生(sheng)產(chan)和應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)都有(you)相(xiang)當規模(mo)。由于乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)具有(you)   的(de)性能并使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方便(bian)，   應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)已相(xiang)當普遍。我國對乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)工(gong)作在(zai)近(jin)十年來(lai)取(qu)得了進(jin)展，但(dan)國內(nei)目(mu)(mu)前(qian)還沒有(you)較(jiao)大規模(mo)的(de)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)生(sheng)產(chan)企業。除纖維(wei)板、鉛筆板、陶瓷、紡織業有(you)部分應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)外，還都未形成規模(mo)較(jiao)大的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)群體，市場需逐漸(jian)。撫順(shun)石(shi)化(hua)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院的(de)木(mu)材果樹保(bao)水(shui)防凍劑等(deng)農用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)已在(zai)遼寧、甘肅、寧夏、河北、山東(dong)等(deng)地(di)區了廣(guang)(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；另外，還研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了纖維(wei)板乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)、汽車、地(di)板上(shang)光劑，橡膠(jiao)樹取(qu)膠(jiao)割口保(bao)護(hu)劑，造紙施膠(jiao)劑等(deng)。近(jin)幾(ji)年上(shang)海、江蘇、北京(jing)、廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)等(deng)地(di)幾(ji)家(jia)企業已先后有(you)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)，規模(mo)500～1000t。目(mu)(mu)前(qian)國內(nei)還有(you)很多用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶是自行(xing)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)初級產(chan)品(pin)(pin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。與相(xiang)比(bi)，中國的(de)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)蠟(la)仍處于初級市場，亟待加大應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)以及推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)力度。

由于乳化蠟的優越性能和使用經濟方便等特點，可以預見乳化蠟的市場前景是廣闊的。